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I just received a question from one of the listeners to our daily training calls that also purchased How To Analyze Deals Volume #1 and they asked a great question that I have explained before but that I don’t think I ever wrote a short blog post about.
The way that I recommend analyzing a potential property for purchase includes doing a full Net Operating Income calculation where you determine how much income the property produces, subtract out for expected vacancies, subtract out for property management, subtract out for taxes, insurance, HOA, maintenance and any other expenses that you can think of. In fact, I cover how to do this in How To Analyze Deals Volume #2 which is included in the free download bundle for real estate entrepreneurs.
Once you figure out the income and remove all the expenses from it you are left with a number that tells you how much money is left over (either per month or per year depending on whether you were working with annual numbers or monthly numbers). This money that is left over is called Net Operating Income. If you were using yearly numbers, go ahead and divide by 12 to get the monthly Net Operating Income.
If you think about it, the amount of money left over monthly after all the expenses for the property have been removed like vacancy, property management, taxes, insurance, HOA and a maintenance reserve is really how much money the property could support in debt (because debt was the only thing we did not list as an expense of the property when we were calculating it). As a monthly number that is the most the house can afford to pay in monthly payments and it is a critical number to know.
The question that the listener asked me about was: how do you take that number and use it to determine the most that you can afford to pay for the property?
Well, there are four variables in the calculation for loans (five if you have a balloon): the payment amount (usually monthly), the number of payments made until it is paid in full, the interest rate and the amount of money borrowed.
If you know 3 of the 4, you can use a financial calculator to determine the fourth.
One of the calculations that I like to do is to figure out how much total debt the property can afford. If I take the amount of monthly payment and set it equal to monthly Net Operating Income and enter that in a financial calculator that you can buy at just about any store like Best Buy, Staples, Office Max, Office Depot, WalMart or KMart. On my calculator that is the PMT key (presumably an abbreviation for payment) but it may vary depending on which you use.
Enter the interest rate that you can get on the loan with how you will be structuring your financing. If you are getting a bank loan, then enter in what your bank or loan broker has told you as your interest rate. Maybe it is 6.5%. Enter that as interest rate. On my calculator that is the I/Y key (presumably for interest rate per year).
Next, enter in the number of payments you will be making. If it is a bank loan and I am doing a 15 year loan, I would use 180 since I would be making 180 monthly payments. If it was a 30 year loan, I would use 360 since I would be making 360 monthly payments. I’ll use 360 months in the example below. On my calculator this is labeled the N key (presumably for number of payments).
Lastly, I would then calculate how much money I could borrow at 6.5% making monthly payments of the Net Operating Income for 360 months by pressing the CPT (presumably for compute) and then the PV key (presumably for present value of the loan amount). The calculator will “whirl” for a moment and then spit out the amount of loan that makes sense with payments of Net Operating Income at 6.5% for 360 months such that you have it paid off at the end of 360 months.
That number tells you the most you can afford to pay for a house with 100% financing and have break-even cash flow with 360 payments at 6.5% interest. I will definitely be talking a lot more about this on the daily training calls for Inner Circle Members. Join today and download dozens of past episodes (I think there are about 60 right now).
Until my next post,
James
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